Down-Regulation of L-Type Calcium Channel and Sarcoplasmic Reticular Ca-ATPase mRNA in Human Atrial Fibrillation Without Significant Change in the mRNA of Ryanodine Receptor, Calsequestrin and Phospholamban An Insight Into the Mechanism of Atrial Electrical Remodeling
نویسندگان
چکیده
METHODS A total of 34 patients undergoing open heart surgery were included. Atrial tissue was obtained from the right atrial free wall, right atrial appendage, left atrial free wall and left atrial appendage, respectively. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) amount of the genes was measured by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and normalized to the mRNA levels of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
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